Anorectal Manometry
What is anorectal manometry?
Anorectal manometry is a diagnostic procedure that evaluates recto sphincteric reflex, broken down into pressure of the anal sphincter muscles, sensation of the rectum, and neural reflexes required for normal bowel movements.
Conditions effectively diagnosed using anorecta manometry:
Constipation: Abnormal muscle functions of the sphincter or colon muscles are just some possible causes of constipation.
Fecal incontinence: Causes such as weak anal sphincter muscles or poor rectum sensation may contribute to fecal incontinence.
Hirschsprung’s disease: A congenital condition that affects the large intestine (colon) and causes missing nerve cells in the muscles of part or all of the colon. As a result, newborns and those diagnosed later in childhood with this condition are unable to have bowel movements.
What to expect during the anorectal manometry procedure
A machine is attached to a small, flexible tube with a balloon at the end, known as a catheter. The catheter is inserted into the rectum and then slowly withdrawn. During this time, the patient may be asked to squeeze, relax and push to measure the muscle pressure of the anal sphincter.
Anorectal manometry also works in conjunction with other diagnostic tests, including:
Anal sphincter electromyography (EMG): A small plug electrode is inserted into the anal canal, and the patient is then asked to squeeze, relax and push the muscles. The muscle activity is then recorded and assessed.
Balloon expulsion test: A small balloon filled with water is inserted into the rectum. The patient then attempts to excrete it. The time it takes to pass the balloon is recorded and assessed.